Mox 500

Therapeutic indications

Mox 500 contains amoxicillin, an aminopenicillin that is used in the treatment and management of bacterial infections. It is used in the treatment and management of the following conditions, symptoms, and diseases:

• Bronchitis
• Actinomycosis
• Pneumonia
• Otitis media
• Gonorrhea that is not complicated
• H.pylori infection( combined with clarithromycin or Lansoprazole)
• Gonorrhea and associated infections
• Biliary tract infections
• Endocarditis
• Tonsillitis
• Pharyngitis
• Skin infections
• Urinary tract infections( cystitis, pyelonephritis)
• Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
• Nose infections (sinusitis)
• Infections of the reproductive system
• Lyme disease
• Bacterial meningitis
• Dental abscess
• Joint infections
• Bacterial blood infection

Do I Need a Prescription?

Mox 500 can be bought from pharmacies close and you and online drug stores. But a doctor’s prescription is a must.

Dosage

The dose and duration of use of Mox 500 depend on the age of the patient, weight, health and liver condition. The recommended dosage for Mox 500 is:

• Ear, nose and throat infections

Moderate infections: 500 mg after 12 hours

Severe infections: 500 mg after 8 hours

• Infections of the skin

Mild to moderate infections: 500 mg after 12 hours

Severe infections: 500 mg after 8 hours

• Genital and urinary infections

Mild and moderate infections: 500 mg after 12 hours

Severe infections: 500 mg after 8 hours

• Lower respiratory tract infection: 500 mg every 8 hours or 750 mg to 2000 mg every 8 hours or 2000 mg after 12 hours administered as an injection

• Artificial joint infection: 750 mg to 2000 mg after 8 hours or 2000 mg after 12 hours administered as an injection
• Cardiac infection: 1000 mg to 2000 mg after 4 to 6 hours administered as an injection, should not exceed 12000 mg in a day.
• Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord membranes: 1000 mg to 2000 mg administered as an injection after 4 to 6 hours, maximum dose should not exceed 12000 mg in a day.
• Lyme disease: 2000 mg after 8 hours for late-stage disease administered as an injection.
• Bacterial blood infection: 1000 mg to 2000 mg after 4 to 8 hours administered as an injection, maximum dose should not exceed 12 000 mg in a day.

The above doses are for adults. For children, consult a pediatrician for recommended doses.

Chemical composition

The active ingredient in Mox 500 is 500 mg Amoxicillin

Mechanism of Action (MOA)

Mox 500 contains amoxicillin penicillin. It works by preventing bacteria from forming the cell wall a protective covering. The bacteria die when the cell wall is not manufactured. The bacterial cell wall contains peptidoglycan; amoxicillin prevents the final stage that involves transpeptidation from occurring in peptidoglycan synthesis. Lack of peptidoglycan synthesis makes the bacteria to lyse and die.

Facts on Mox 500

• Mox 500 is well-absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract reaching peak concentration after 1-2 hours after oral administration.
• Mox 500 is eliminated from the body in urine within 6 hours of administration
• The elimination half-life of Mox 500 is 1-1.5 hours.
• The effects of Mox 500 may be observed 30 minutes after oral administration.
• The effects of Mox 500 can last up to 8-12 hours.
• About 20 % of Mox 500 is transported bound to plasma proteins.

Contraindications

The use of Mox 500 is contraindicated if you some medical conditions. When used it could result in worsening of your condition or the existing condition or cause adverse reactions. Inform your doctor of any medical conditions you have or have had previously including those you have a family history of as they could affect your prescription. The following conditions are contraindicated for Mox 500 use:

• Allergic reactions: Do not take Mox 500 if you are allergic to penicillin, cephalosporin and any other ingredients in the medication.
• Glandular fever
• Kidney impairment: The dose should be adjusted in case of severe conditions.
• Urinary problems
• Heart failure or history of heart failure
• White blood cell cancer
• Cloudy urine or reduced output of urine and using catheters
• HIV
• Pregnant or planning to conceive: No conclusive human studies have been done to know the effects of amoxicillin on the fetus.
• Lactating mothers. Should be used when the benefits outweigh the risks. Amoxicillin is secreted into breastmilk and could cause diarrhea and thrush in the nursing baby.
• Mononucleosis (viral infection)
• Chewable tablets contain phenylalanine
• Seizures, epilepsy or brain and spinal disorders: High doses may cause seizures if you have a history of epilepsy and disorders of the brain and spinal cord.
• Liver impairment: Mox 500 should be used with caution, in severe cases dose adjustment is recommended.

Side-effects

Mox 500 causes some side effects apart from the intended effects. The side effects do not occur in every individual. They depend on the dose, individual reaction to the medication and duration of use. The side effects may go away on their own on the course of therapy. The side effects that occur can be common and minor while others can be major and are. Report any side effects you experience in the course of your treatment to your doctor for medical advice on how to manage the effects. The common and less serious side effects of Mox 500 include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Nausea
• Diarrhea
• Agitation
• Sleep disturbances
• Dizziness
• Maculopapular rash
• Exfoliative dermatitis
• Urticaria
• Hypersensitive vasculitis
• Anemia
• Thrombocytopenia
• Leucopenia
• Agranulocytosis
• Neuromuscular hypersensitivity
• Pseudomembranous colitis

Rare side effects include

• Abnormally active
• Changes in behavior
• Tongue being hairy
• Dizziness
• Hives
• Sore tongue or mouth
• Teeth discoloration, changing to brown, yellow or grey
• Yeast infections of the mouth, skin, and nails

Severe side effects include

• Diarrhea associated with Clostridium difficile
• Severe skin infections
• Liver dysfunction
• Blood disorders
• Respiratory disorders
• Kidney and urinary tract infections(cloudy urine)
• Hallucinations
• Convulsions
• Reduced levels of potassium
• Fluid accumulation

If you suffer an allergic reaction while using Mox 500, immediately discontinue its use and inform your doctor or rush into the emergency center for medical attention. An allergic reaction can cause the following symptoms:

• Skin rash
• Difficulty breathing
• Wheezing
• Swelling of the tongue, throat, face, and lips
• Hives
• Itching
• A severe cough

In case you accidentally take an overdose of Mox 500, inform your doctor right away or rush into the emergency center of the nearest hospital carrying the medication package for identification. An overdose could result in a bad reaction to the medications. Signs of an overdose include vomiting, loose diarrhea, grey or blue skin, shortness of breath, coughing swelling of lips, face, tongue, and throat.

Drug interactions

Taking more than one medications at the same time results in drug interactions. Drug interactions change the working of your medicine or that of the other medication. It can affect the absorption of your drug for the gastrointestinal tract or its elimination from the body that may result in accumulation and adverse reactions to the drug. Inform your doctor of all medications you are using or have been using previously, both prescription and over the counter medications, dietary supplements, and herbal products as they may affect your order or instructions to take your medication. The following products and drugs interact with Mox 500:

• Alcohol
• Disulfiram and Probenecid levels are increased.
• Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol. Mox 500 lowers their effects
• Oral anticoagulants. When used concurrently, it increases prothrombin time increases bleeding time.
• Sulfonamides
• Macrolides
• Oral contraceptives (Absorption of estrogen is reduced lowering its effectiveness).
• Benedict’s and Fehling’s solution( High levels of Mox 500 can cause false positives of glucose).
• Oestriol a female sex hormone used in pregnancy. When used concurrently, the level of estrogen is reduced in blood.
• Doxycycline
• Warfarin
• Liver cholera virus

What to Do If You Skip a Dose

If you skip a dose of Mox 500, take it as soon as you realize it. If it is close to the time for your next dose, you can skip it and take your next dose then continue with your regular schedule. However, do not double your dose to compensate for the skipped dose. Frequent missing of doses makes your medication less effective in managing your condition. To avoid missing treatments, set the alarm or have a family member remind you when it is time for your next dose.

Precautions

Some precautions should be considered before and when using Mox 500. The precautions include:

• Do not take Mox 500 if you are allergic to penicillin or cephalosporin.
• Inform your doctor of all products and medications you are using to avoid drug interactions.
• Mox 500 interferes with glucose test and may give a false positive, inform the laboratory technician before taking the test.
• Inform your doctor of all medical conditions you have and of any in your medical history.
• Stop taking Mox 500 if you suffer an allergic reaction to the medication.
• Stop taking Mox 500 if you experience severe diarrhea and consult your doctor as it could be due to Clostridium dificile.
• Mox 500 should be stored at room temperature, away from sunlight and heat. Keep it away from children and pets.
• Mox 500 should be used with caution if you are expecting or a breastfeeding mother as it could affect the growing fetus and nursing child respectively.
• Do not take Mox 500 that is expired. Expired medication has reduced effectiveness, and continuous use could cause toxicity. Always check your medication package for expiry date while purchasing the medication.
• Mox 500 should not be used for the treatment and management of viral infections.
• Take Mox 500 as prescribed by the doctor, do not increase or lower the dose and take it for the duration given. Wrong using of the medications puts you at risk of developing drug resistance.
• Prolonged use of Mox 500 increases the risk of changing blood count and increased levels of liver enzymes.
• Mox 500 can cause dizziness and drowsiness. If you experience these side effects, do not take part in activities that require mental alertness such as driving and operation of heavy machinery.

Different Brands and Manufacturing Companies of the Drug

Mox 500 is manufactured by Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd and Ranbaxy Laboratories Ltd. Mox 500 is manufactured as a tablet or capsule and injection of different strengths. Amoxicillin capsule can be of 250 mg and 500 mg. The tablets can be of 125 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg, 400 mg, 500 mg ,775 mg and 875 mg. The injections are of 50 mg, 250 mg, 500 mg, and 1000 mg. Amoxicillin is also manufactured as oral suspension of strengths 125 mg/5 ml, 200 mg/5 ml, 250 mg/5 ml, and 400 mg/5 ml.

Substitutes of the Drug

Substitutes of Mox 500 with the same composition and strength include:

• Novamox 500 mg capsule – Cipla Ltd
• AmurolNx 500 mg capsule – Alembic Ltd
• Hipenp 500 mg capsule – ZydusCadila
• Moxilup 500 mg capsule – Lupin Ltd
• Ronemox 500 mg capsule – Abbott Healthcare Pvt Ltd
• Amoxil 500 mg capsule – ZydusCadila
• Mokcan 500 mg capsule – Cadila Pharmaceuticals Ltd
• Moxgard 500 mg capsule – Mankind Pharmaceuticals Ltd
• Moxitas 500 mg capsule – Intas Pharmaceuticals Ltd
• Symoxyl 500 mg capsule – Abbott Healthcare Pvt Ltd

References

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