Tanning booths: To tan or not to tan, that is the question

What tanning booths do?

There has been hype lately among several individuals that getting skin tanning gives them that glowing skin.  Many people have this false information that tanning booths are a safer place to get a tan since getting it from direct sunlight might be harmful.

As a matter of fact, tanning on a beach or using a tanning booth is not considered safe since both the forms of tanning involves the use of ultraviolet radiation.  It is a well-known fact that ultraviolet radiation is highly dangerous since it can cause a life-threatening skin disease called melanoma.  People actually get to hear a different side from the tanning booth where they claim that they perform tanning in a controlled environment.

This may be true since they use lamps to tan the skin unlike what you experience on the beach.  The biggest point which they try to hide is the use of ultraviolet rays.  People actually tend to ignore this part and usually would realize it only after experiencing abnormalities.  It should be understood that ultraviolet rays are highly dangerous no matter what is the source.

What are ultraviolet rays and why are they dangerous?

A band of electromagnetic spectrum that is emitted by the sun is called ultraviolet rays.  They have a wavelength that ranges from 10 nm to 400 nm.  Studies have claimed that prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays can damage the DNA which is present in the cells.  When the DNA is altered, it can lead to skin cancers such as melanoma.

A weaker form of UV rays used in the tanning booths may not cause immediate problems, but can lead to long-term problems to the skin.  If the skin is exposed to weaker UV rays, there are higher chances of the skin getting wrinkled and lose its texture.  This can lead to early aging where wrinkles on the skin would make you look older than your actual age.  UV rays are divided into three main categories namely UVA, UVB, and UVC.

• An ultraviolet ray with a wavelength between 315 nm to 400 nm is called near UVA.
• An ultraviolet ray with a wavelength between 280 nm to 315 nm is called middle UVB.
• An ultraviolet ray with a wavelength between 180 nm to 280 nm is called far UVC.

UVA and UVB are the rays that are considered to be dangerous for humans since it has the ability to sneak through the skin and change the chemical composition of the cells.

Why are tanning booths popular?

In the early days, people who were from the upper class would cover their skin from the sun rays and when you would see a person with tanned skin, you could easily identify them as one from the working class.  This was the trend until the early 19^th century until there was a revolution in the fashion industry in the year 1923.

Coco Chanel who was a fashion designer introduced a new trend in the fashion industry in the year 1923.  She came up with a bold new skin color of golden brown as the skin shade.  This shade of the skin soon became a trend among the fashion enthusiast and the trend of tanning the skin started.  This trend was so popular that all those who were covering up their skin from the sun started craving for more sun exposure.

As the decades passed, there was a substantial increase in the number of skin cancer cases.  This made the medical professionals ring the warning bells and warned about the harmful effects of prolonged sun exposure.  These warning bells made little impact on the minds of youngsters who wished to have that glowing skin and started finding suitable alternatives.  In the early 20^th century, invention of tanning booths caught the eye of young teens and adults.  Almost every young individual wanted to visit the tanning booth to get their skin tanned neglecting the fact that it was ultimately the UV rays which are being used even in tanning booths.

Risks factors and facts associated with skin tanning

• WHO and Cancer Research Institute in the United States have ruled that any source emitting UVA and UVB are considered harmful to the skin and can cause skin cancer such as melanoma. Studies have claimed that both sun exposure and tanning booths emit UVA and UVB and hence both are equally dangerous to the skin.  It should be noted that even when the tanning is conducted in a controlled environment such as in a tanning booth, they tend to emit UVA and UVB.  Instruments used in the tanning booth namely lamps, beds, etc tend to emit the harmful rays which are on par with the direct sun exposure.
• A research conducted in the United States has indicated that around 400,000 cases of skin problem reported are because of exposure to UV from the tanning booths.
• Studies have claimed that exposure to UV rays from tanning booths before 35 years of age can increase the risk factor of acquiring melanoma by 59%. It was also found that this percentage of risk factor increases with every visit to the tanning booth.
• Another study has claimed that UV rays exposure from tanning booths before 24 years can put you at a higher risk of acquiring basal cell cancer.
• According to the American Cancer Society, the 5-year survival rate of a person affected by melanoma stands at 10%, which means 90% of the people affected by this, would not survive 5 years after getting diagnosed.

Disadvantages of tanning

Skin cancer

This is the biggest and the most prominent disadvantage of undergoing tanning indoors.  Studies have claimed that safe tanning actually never exists since all forms of tanning involve the use of UV rays.  As discussed earlier, it has been determined by both WHO and Cancer Research Institute that both sun tanning and indoor tanning emit UVA and UVB.  Studies have indicated that the risk factors of acquiring skin cancer increases with every exposure.

Early aging

Studies have claimed that sun tanning, as well as indoor tanning can cause damage to your skin by changing their texture.  Since there is a change in texture, the skin becomes wrinkled faster and also causes dark spots on the skin.  People who tend to tan their skin usually experience a leathery skin.  This type of skin is generally not found in people who refrain from tanning.

Rashes and burns

Getting sunburn due to sun exposure is a commonly occurring skin problem.  This is caused due to the presence of UV rays in the sunlight.  The same applies even with indoor tanning.  Due to this, you may experience rashes and burns on the skin even with indoor tanning.

Does not provide vitamin D

A wrong information is being circulated that indoor tanning can boost vitamin D levels in the body.  It is important to understand that vitamin D can be produced with the help of UVB and not UVA.  In the case of indoor tanning booths, the majority of the rays emitted are in the form of UVA and not UVB and hence you hardly are able to produce any vitamin D.  It is recommended to consume foods or take a supplement in order to increase the levels of vitamin D if the levels are not optimal.

Increased dependence

Getting addicted to indoor tanning may sound unrealistic, but according to the growing evidence, it is a reality.  Studies have claimed that women aged between 18 and 30 are becoming more inclined towards getting tanned in order to get shiny skin.  This trend has been so severe that they even tend to become fidgety when they do not have tanning done on a frequent basis.

Are there any alternatives available for tanning?

Since indoor and outdoor tanning is highly dangerous, there is always a question if there is an alternative.  Yes, would be the answer to this question.  There are several safe alternatives available in order to shade your skin and these include:

Tanning Lotions

The main reason for tanning your skin is to get that shiny bronze look on the skin.  This can be achieved with the use of tanning lotions.  These lotions are available in various shades and can also be bought at various prices.  There is a complaint that these lotions do not smell good, but there have been a lot of improvement in the quality in the recent past and have been smelling better as well.  Another advantage of using the lotion would be to moisturize the skin which gives an added advantage.

Spray tanning

This is one of the easiest ways of tanning your skin.  Many people tend to choose this option since it is time-saving and also provides an even spread over the skin.  It has been estimated that the application time lasts anywhere around 10 minutes.  This is comparatively costlier than lotions but worth the money due to their efficiency.

Limited sunlight exposure

This method seems to be the most efficient and cost-effective form of tanning.  Natural sunlight tanning may not provide you deep tanning, but they definitely are effective.  They provide light tanning to the skin and protect them from getting aged soon and more importantly provide you the essential vitamin D.  Experts advice spending around 20 minutes under the sun every day to gain the benefits.

Temporary cosmetics

If you are looking for a temporary bronze look just for a night, you could easily try the cosmetics that can give you that sun-soaked effect.  Application of temporary cosmetics would give you that effective look and also protect you from the harmful UV rays as well.

How to prevent harmful UV rays

You can avoid those harmful rays by following certain lifestyle changes which are easy to follow.  These include:

• Covering up your body thoroughly when getting out in the sun.
• Always apply sunscreens to avoid those rays from penetrating your skin.
• Limit your sun exposure to 20 minutes a day.
• Never forget to use moisturizers.
• Keep yourself hydrated at all times by drinking an adequate amount of water.

Bottom line

It is quite clear now that tanning indoors as well as outdoors is equally dangerous.  It has to be noted that it is ultimately the UV rays that are causing the problem, be it indoors or outdoors.  There seem to be suitable alternatives available to get that bronze look on the skin.  It would be wise to try these alternatives other than suffering from skin cancer.

References
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/melanoma-skin-cancer/detection-diagnosis-staging/survival-rates-for-melanoma-skin-cancer-by-stage.html
https://www.aad.org/public/spot-skin-cancer/learn-about-skin-cancer/dangers-of-indoor-tanning/10-surprising-facts-about-indoor-tanning
https://familydoctor.org/the-dangers-of-tanning-beds/
https://www.healthline.com/health/skin-cancer-protection/tanning-beds
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/adult-health/in-depth/sunless-tanning/art-20046803

 

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