Crohn’s Disease

crohn's disease

Last Updated December 20th, 2021

Understanding Crohn’s disease

Crohn’s disease is a severe inflammation of the digestive system. There is no specific trigger to Crohn’s disease. Factors such as immune system malfunction, genetics, lifestyle, and stomach infections play a major triggering factor.

Who all are at risk?

  • Those who have a family history of inflammatory bowel disease (chronic inflammation of the digestive tract).
  • People who smoke
  • Those who live in urbanized or industrialized areas
  • People who are on non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications

Causes

  • Immune system impairment

crohn's disease painThose who have Crohn’s disease have an immune system that reacts abnormally. After defeating the microbes, the inflammatory response just doesn’t seem to stop. This results in ulcers, etc.

  • Genetics

If a person has blood relatives who have a history of Crohn’s disease along with inflammatory bowel disease are slightly more likely to develop the disease themselves. About 10 to 20% of people with Crohn’s disease have at least one family member who has the disease. Scientists have discovered a gene linked to Crohn’s disease. This gene plays a major role in the body to help decide how to react to certain microbes. If the gene has undergone some alterations in some form, the body’s reaction to microbes will also get altered. People with Crohn’s disease have this gene in altered form occurring more frequently than normal people.

  • Tobacco smoking

Tobacco smoke contains carbon monoxide, nicotine, and free radicals. These chemicals damage the lining of the gut and also cause harm to the good bacteria that live in the gut. They also influence genes and immune

  • The imbalance of gut bacteria 

Sometimes, inflammation can change the microbial balance. In some cases, due to certain infections, the patient might be on antibiotics. These antibiotics target both the infectious and beneficial bacteria. This alters the gut bacterial population and can act as a trigger for Crohn’s disease.

Prevalence of this condition

  • Men and women are affected equally.
  • 20% of the people with Crohn’s disease have a blood relative with inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Crohn’s disease is prevalent more often between the ages of 15 – 35 years.
  • The higher prevalence of Crohn’s disease is observed in Caucasians and Ashkenazi Jews than other ethnicities.
  • Over 4 million people around the world are suffering from Crohn’s disease and it is increasing in leaps and bounds.

Myths about Crohn’s disease

  • Crohn’s disease and smoking are unrelated.
  • Crohn’s disease rarely affects children.
  • It is believed that anxiety and depression also trigger Crohn’s disease.
  • Bad eating habits cause Crohn’s disease.

Symptoms

crohn's diseaseDiarrhea

  • Fever
  • Constipation
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea
  • Abdominal pain and cramping
  • Blood in the stool
  • Mouth sores
  • Reduced appetite and weight loss
  • Pain or drainage near or around the anus due to inflamed skin (fistula)
  • Joint pains
  • Anemia
  • Abdominal cramps
  • A feel of incompleteness in your bowel movements
  • Frequent need for bowel movements

If an individual has severe Crohn’s disease, the following symptoms will be observed:

  • Inflammation of skin, eyes, and joints
  • Inflammation of the liver or bile ducts
  • Delayed growth and puberty
  • Persistent abdominal pain
  • Blood in the stool
  • Persistent diarrhea that does not stop with the regular medications
  • Fever lasting for more than 2 days
  • Weight loss observed for a significant time period

 Complications of Crohn’s disease

  • crohn's disease intestine damageCrohn’s disease may make the wall of the intestines more dense or thick. In due course of time, these thickened intestinal areas can narrow down with can obstruct the flow of food or stools. This partial or complete blockage is called bowel blockage.
  • Crohn’s disease can pierce the inflammation into the walls of the intestines and create passages called fistulas.
  • The passage of the inflammation into the intestinal walls can also lead to the development of painful pus-filled pockets called abscesses.
  • It can also result in anal fissures (small tears around the anus resulting in bleeding, itching, and pain).
  • Crohn’s disease can lead to malnutrition. The inflammation can spread to other areas of the body. There will be the incidence of inflammation in your joints, eyes, and skin.
  • An individual infected with Crohn’s disease affecting the colon is more prone to colon cancer.

Crohn’s disease can also cause other problems such as:

  • Anemia
  • skin disorders (occurrence of red bumps on the skin, blisters and even ulcers)
  • osteoporosis (a condition where the bones become weak and breakable)
  • arthritis
  • gallbladder or liver disease.

Some of the medications recommended for treating Crohn’s disease act by blocking the immune system functioning. This approach can pose as a small risk for skin cancers, lymphoma and also increase the susceptibility for infection.

Diagnosis

A doctor will first perform a physical exam where the doctor checks for bloating in your abdomen, listens to the abdominal sounds using a stethoscope and taps on the abdominal areas for signs of tenderness and pain and also to check for an abnormal or an enlarged liver.

Then, the doctor might perform certain tests to diagnose Crohn’s disease.

  • Blood test – The health care professional will obtain a blood sample from the patient. The healthcare professional checks for the red blood cell count in case of anemia and also check for the white blood cell count for inflammation.
  • Stool tests – Stool samples are analyzed to check for other digestive diseases.
  • Intestinal endoscopy – To accurately diagnose Crohn’s disease, depending on the severity of the symptoms, the patient will have to undergo:
  • Capsule endoscopy (you will have to swallow a capsule containing a tiny camera that allows the doctor to see inside your digestive tract).
  • Scanning – The doctor might perform an X-ray scan, a fluoroscopy scan or use liquid barium to view the upper GI tract.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which involves an integration of magnetic field and radio waves for imaging the digestive tract.

Treatment

crohn's disease surgery

Drugs such as antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immune-modifying drugs are prescribed. Pain killers, drugs that stop diarrhea and nutritional supplements (to address conditions of malnourishment) are also recommended by the doctor accordingly.If the patient does not respond to the above medications, then surgery is recommended to rectify the underlying complications. The following surgeries are usually performed:

  • Strictureplasty–This surgical method only involves widening of the narrow intestinal passage.
  • Resection – Removal of the intestines.
  • Proctocolectomy or Colectomy – Removal of the rectum along with a part of the colon or along with complete removal of the colon.

Crohn’s symptoms can reappear in approximately 30% of patients within 3 years and in up to 60% of patients within 10 years. Consult your doctor in order to manage the disease condition and also to minimize the severity.

Crohn’s disease: How to manage the symptoms?

  • You must avoid carbonated fizzy
  • Avoid popcorns, vegetable skins, nuts, and other high-fiber foods as they can result in bloating and stomach gas problems.
  • Drink more fluids.
  • Consume meals in small portions, but consume them frequently.
  • Maintain a record to monitor the foods you consume to track down a potential food trigger.

Usually, the doctor will recommend a diet with the following:

  • Calorie-rich (baked beans, cereal bars, eggs, fish, oatmeals, etc)
  • Free of lactose (such as dairy-free bread, jams, fruit juices, soy mil,k, potatoes, pasta, etc)
  • Low fiber content (white rice, white flour pancakes, white bread, etc.)
  • Low-fat content (kale, spinach, lettuce, etc)
  • Low salt content (such as salmon, tuna, dried beans, dried peas, etc.)

If your body does not absorb sufficient nutrients, the doctor might suggest nutritional supplements accordingly. Keep in mind to consume all the food sources in moderation. Crohn’s disease can be taken care of if proper management is done. Following the doctor’s instructions, making good lifestyle changes, a healthy diet and stress relieving activities help in lowering the severity.


TL;DR?

 

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Dos and Don'ts

Dos
  • Follow a good diet plan with low fiber, low lactose, and low fat.
  • Follow the doctor’s instructions on the use of medications or supplements.
  • Include a vitamin and mineral rich diet.
  • Drink water to combat the dehydration.
  • De-stress yourself
Don'ts
  • Consume carbonated drinks, spicy deep-fried
  • Resume alcoholic/smoking habits after surgery.
  • Get stressed and more paranoid after surgery.

 

 

 

 

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What is the right way to take a pregnancy test? A pregnancy test is undertaken to determine if you have conceived. A home pregnancy test is the most…
SIBO Diet: The important dos and don’ts of this gut-healing diet A SIBO diet is a diet that works by eliminating certain sugars from your diet and adding fibers…
beta hcg test
Beta hCG Test A Beta hCG test measures the level of human gonadotropin hormones present in the blood that is primarliy…
Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (G6PD) test Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is an enzyme that is found in every cell of the body and it plays…
Rubella IgM test
Rubella IgM Test The Rubella IgM test is a blood test that is performed to diagnose the presence of the rubella…
Kava: Is it the healthy substitute for alcohol you have been waiting for? Native to the beautiful South Pacific islands, Kava is a famous beverage rooted in the local culture. It…
Find all the instant ways to get rid of blackheads Blackheads - Not only are they aesthetically unappealing but if left untreated these can cause bacterial overgrowth on…
sodium chloride
Halotherapy: How inhaling salt can work wonders for your body Halotherapy is quickly gaining popularity amongst those with respiratory diseases. It has shown promise in its treatment.
Balneotherapy jacuzzi
5 things you didn’t know about balneotherapy and how you can do it at home Sauna baths have been popular since a long time. But how much more beneficial can balneotherapy be as…
Barium-enema
Barium Enema Barium enema is also known as colon x-ray. Here, the patient is asked to consume small amount of…
ASTtest-liver
AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase Test AST test is a blood test that is used to measure the level of a particular liver enzyme…
colposcopy
Colposcopy Colposcopy is a simple, quick and non- invasive diagnostic tool to look closely inside the vulva, vagina, and…
Bloodtestalbumin
Albumin Test Albumin test or blood serum test is a liver function test that measures the amount of the protein…
CEA_test
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test CEA or carcinoembryonic test detects the presence of CEA antigen in your blood mainly & determines the effectiveness…
vdrl test syphilis
VDRL Test The VDRL test is a blood test that is used to diagnose sexually transmitted or venereal diseases, primarily…
iron deficiency profile
Iron Deficiency Profile An iron deficiency profile is a battery of blood tests which are performed in order to determine the…
woman with abdominal pain holding ovulation calendar
Ovulation – facts to know about ovulation Learn how and when ovulation occurs, demystify common misconceptions, identify symptoms, methods of detection and right period for…
Jack in the box fast food
Jack In the Box : The perils of surging fast food culture in the USA Jack in the Box - How a culture of fast-food can clog your arteries, weaken your heart, fatten…
CLA: A breakthrough weight loss supplement with minimal side effects Tried every weight loss supplement in the market with no substantial gain? Why not try CLA supplements, derived…
Astaxanthin: Why experts believe it could be 550x more potent than vitamin E! What is astaxanthin and why is this new supplement on the block touted as the most powerful antioxidant…
Experts reveal the safest ways to perform an enema at home The idea of pushing some up your rectal area might make you queasy but an enema could actually…
Tart Cherry: The healthiest excuse for taking that second serving of pie Tart cherry has been traditionally used in delectable desserts such as pies. Recent studies have revealed that its…
Gua sha: Scraping away layers of pain with this ancient healing tool Gua sha is an ancient oriental healing method which focuses on scraping the body with specific tools to…
Vagus nerve: 7 health benefits of stimulating the “gut-brain” connection As a matter of fact, there are two vagus nerves namely the left and the right but is…
Oxalates: How healthy greens can sometimes be bad news for your kidneys Oxalates are compounds present in a majority of healthy foods. However, at times an overconsumption of these could…
Urologist: When should you visit one and why? A urologist can treat not only genitourinary problems of both men and women but also can treat various…
The Cabbage Soup Diet: The healthiest way to instant weight loss Cabbage soup diet rapid weight loss diet for those who want to shed those extra pounds in less…
C-Reactive Protein Test A CRP or c-reactive protein blood test is an important diagnostic tool used to determine the risk of…
valproic acid test
Valproic Acid Test Valproic acid test is performed to generally check for psychiatric and even neurological conditions such as bipolar disease…
malarial antigen test
Malaria Antigen Test A malaria antigen test is a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that can detect malarial antigens (proteins) in your…
liver detox facts
7 liver detox facts and why ignoring these could kill you! Are you taking care of this organ that handles over 500 different vital functions in your body? Your…
dance health benefits
5 unbelievable effects of dance on your overall health! You enjoy dancing, but did you know what else it does to your body? Dancing is not only…
aspartame or sugar
Aspartame – Hidden truths about this storm in a teacup Aspartame, the artificial sweetener, has gone under the scanner on several occasions for allegedly doing more harm than…
High Fiber Diet – Fire up your fiber intake for these health benefits! Regular bowels, healthy detox, higher immunity, and guaranteed weight loss - a high fiber diet can bring all…
How can berberine supplements help you live longer and healthier? Berberine is a turmeric look-alike herbal extract that is credited with numerous health benefits ranging from diabetes cure…
Carb Cycling: Weighing the pros vs the cons of this diet routine Completely discarding carbs from your life will do you more harm than good. Read more about carb cycling,…
How accurate is the hair follicle drug test? Hair follicle drug test is one of the best ways to identify drug use in professional circles. But…
Appendix pain: Recent findings on this not-so vestigial organ The exact function of the appendix is still not clear. Some consider it as an organ that once…
Hysteroscopy_procedure
Hysteroscopy Hysteroscopy is a minimally invasive tool to help specialists view the uterus to diagnose and even treat several…
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPIDANTIBODY(APL)_IgG
Antiphospholipid (APL) antibody-IgG The Antiphospholipid Antibody testing is a blood test used to determine an autoimmune disorder called Antiphospholipid syndrome linked…
amylase test
Amylase Test Amylase test is done by checking the level of this protein in the blood sample and also in…
Diabetes blood test
Diabetic Profile The diabetic profile is a set of tests used for testing and monitoring the various kinds of Diabetes…
shoudler exercises
Keep your shoulders pain-free with these shoulder exercises Shoulder exercises are important in order to prevent chronic back and neck pain. Learn more about how you…
yoga health benefits
How to practice yoga for astounding health benefits Can a 5000-year-old system be the ultimate body healer? Did you know yoga can make you smarter and…
Drinking water benefits
8 reasons why you should grab a bottle of water now! Did you know you don't have to be thirsty for hours to be dehydrated?You could be dehydrated right…
ginger benefits healthy
Ginger: Why is it called the root of all remedies? Be it in form of tea or juice, ginger has a lot to offer when it comes to…
Is it possible to achieve full body detox with Master Cleanse? Master cleanse is a diet consisting of a lemonade based beverage, a salt water drink and a herbal…
Psyllium Husk: More than just an effective natural laxative Psyllium husk, or isabgol, is a popular natural laxative . But did you in addition to regulating bowels,…
sodium blood test
Blood Sodium Test A blood sodium test measures the amount of sodium (an important electrolyte) in your body. It is also…
lipase test
Lipase Test A lipase test is a blood test performed to quantitatively measure the level of the enzyme lipase in…
Okra: How can this nutrient-dense vegetable help you fight diabetes? Okra is a food which is rich in nutrients and minerals which are extremely essential for a healthy…
Period sanitary napkin-menstruaion-blood-colors
Period blood – what it says about your health Your period blood color and consistency indicate what is happening in your body. Is your blood bright red…
kshar sutra
Kshar sutra treatment for piles, fissures and fistula Read to know the benefits and side effects of kshar sutra to treat anal piles, fissures, and fistula…
lose weight fast
12 easy and instant steps to successful weight loss Do you want to lose weight without losing your mind? Does weight loss always mean saying goodbye to…

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