Bone Spurs

BONE SPURS pain

Last Updated December 20th, 2021

Overview

When, due to stress, aging or injury, the connective tissues associated with the skeletal system become weakened, inflamed or injured, the bones respond by developing extra growths known as bone spurs. Professional athletes and dancers are prone to developing bone spurs in locations such as the shoulders and heels since these areas have to bear repeated stress and possibly injury. Similarly, those who wear ill-fitting footwear place themselves at an increased risk of developing heel spurs which can be especially painful.

However, this condition is not always a painful one and can potentially remain asymptomatic, going undetected for years. It is estimated that only about 40% of patients with bone spurs experience pain or loss of mobility. Interestingly, some studies have indicated that bone spurs can potentially have the positive effect of increasing joint surface area.

 

What Are Bone Spurs?

BONE SPURS xrayBone spurs, also known as ‘osteophytes’ are small bony projections that typically arise along the edges of bones, at the joints between bones or at the points where tendons or ligaments are attached to bones.

Usually, trauma, physical strain or age-related degeneration (as in osteoarthritis) is responsible for this. Under such conditions, the connective tissues associated with the bones become weak, inflamed or irritated and the body responds by forming extra calcified deposits in the affected area. The resultant outgrowths or spurs can be painful if they dig into the surrounding tissues, rub against them or injure them, causing further irritation, swelling, and pain.

The patient may find it difficult to place any weight on the affected joint and movement can become seriously restricted. The most common locations for such outgrowths include the heels, hip, shoulders, knees and the joints of the spinal vertebrae. However, bone spurs can potentially arise in any bone or joint and, in some rare cases, they are found to affect the entire skeletal system.

 

Causes of Bone Spurs

Stress or irritation suffered by joints, tendons or ligaments due to overuse, age-related degeneration, injury or inflammation is the direct cause of the formation of bone spurs. The body attempts to cope by forming extra bony deposits. It is unclear why bones adopt this mechanism in response to distress.

Some of the general causes responsible for the formation of bone spurs are listed below:

  • Stress or trauma suffered by tissues associated with the bone. Overuse of a particular joint or tendon can also be responsible.
  • Osteoarthritis which leads to the breakdown of cartilages cushioning bone joints.
  • Congenital diseases such as osteochondroma which involves the formation of benign bone tumors. In such cases, an individual could potentially develop bone spurs throughout the skeletal system.
  • Medical conditions that cause inflammation of the connective tissues associated with bones. Examples include plantar fasciitis (inflammation of the ligament supporting the arch of the foot) and ankylosing spondylitis (inflammation of spinal joints).
  • Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis which typically involves the calcification and hardening of ligaments in areas such as the spine, elbows, and shoulders.
  • Osteomyelitis, a condition involving inflammation of the bone and its marrow.
  • Aging; the likelihood of developing bone spurs increases with age as the joints, muscles, and ligaments grow weaker.
  • Being overweight can also increase the risk of developing bone spurs, particularly in locations such as the bottom of the heel.
  • Wearing ill-fitting footwear that does not adequately support or cushion the feet.
  • Having diabetes increases the risk of developing bone spurs.
  • Poor posture, as it can place unnecessary stress on certain joints such as the hips and vertebrae.
  • Post-menopausal women are at a higher risk of developing bone spurs since several bone-related changes occur around this time.

 

Symptoms

  • bone spurs kneePain, tenderness and swelling around the afflicted joint.
  • Difficulty in placing weight on the affected joint. Mobility can become restricted.
  • Muscle cramps or stiffness. The location of the spur determines the exact symptoms that manifest.
  • Calluses might arise in response to the irritation caused by spurs at the bottom of the heel.
  • Tingling or numbness in the limbs may be experienced as a result of nerves being compressed by bone spurs in the spinal vertebrae.
  • Noticeable bumps at the joints of the fingers.
  • Abdominal and/or back pain as a result of bone spurs in the vertebrae.
  • A headache and radiating pain in the limbs due to bone spurs in the cervical spine.

 

Types of Bone Spurs

Bone spurs or osteophytes can potentially arise on any bone located anywhere in the body. Thus, spurs are typically identified by their particular location. The heels, for instance, can develop two kinds of spurs. Those at the bottom of the heel, known as calcaneal spurs, are especially common. They are found to occur more often in women than in men. Bone spurs that arise in the spine are known as vertebral osteophytes. Of these, the more commonly occurring types are lumbar (lower back) and cervical (neck) osteophytes.

 

Complications

Bone spurs may remain asymptomatic and go undetected for years in many instances. However, these irregular outgrowths often disturb the normal movement of the joint in question. This happens when they dig into the nearby tissues, causing irritation or when they pinch nerves, causing pain and potentially disrupting vital functions such as breathing. Bone spurs can lead to additional injury, for example, rotator cuff tear in the shoulder region.

Calcaneal spurs at the base of the heel are particularly painful, making it difficult to walk normally and place one’s weight on the affected heel, leading to cramps and muscle spasms as well as loss of balance. Bone spurs in the spinal column can constrict the nerves of the spine, producing headaches, back pain and sensations of tingling or numbness. Spurs located in the cervical spine can cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing and even loss of vocal function.

 

Diagnosing Bone Spurs

BONE SPURS painIt is common for asymptomatic bone spurs to be discovered incidentally while X-raying the patient for entirely other reasons.

In case the spur is causing pain or affecting mobility, a physical examination is aimed at identifying the location of the pain.

Although at times it might be possible for the physician to feel spurs, these are usually identified by means of X-rays.

Tomosynthesis is considered an effective tool for detecting and precisely locating bone spurs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) can help reveal associated injuries to ligaments and tendons.

 

Treatment & Prevention

The treatment and prognosis of bone spur depend on a variety of factors such as the age of the patient and the involved genetics. The treatment methods used to address this condition include:

  • Physiotherapy and pain medications are prescribed as a way of non-surgically treating the condition. Muscle relaxants, painkillers, and anti-inflammatory drugs can help in reducing the pain and swelling of joints.
  • Intermittent periods of rest are equally important for the bone spurs to respond positively to the treatment.
  • Moderate stretching and exercises, as prescribed by the doctor, are also helpful.
  • In more severe cases, cortisone injections are also administered.
  • Surgical treatment is involved when the patient responds to none of the above treatment methods.

One can prevent the onset of bone spurs and the related pain by following these measures:

  • Maintain a healthy BMI. If you are obese or overweight, try losing a few pounds top decrease the strain on joints.
  • Those who fall under risk-categories for bone spurs; it is advisable for them to refrain from indulging in high-impact sports and physical activities.
  • Avoid repetitive motions and always rest your body when involved in such activities.
  • Exercise and stretch regularly. Also, remember to warm up and cool down before and after every exercise session.

 

 

Dos and Don'ts

Dos
  • Always seek medical help for treating bone spurs. Consult a podiatrist if you are suffering from bone spurs in the foot region.
  • Consult with your physician regarding the side-effects of NSAID medications prescribed to you (since these cause gastric disorders).
  • Get physiotherapy treatment for the pain and the underlying cause of formation of bone spurs.
Don'ts
  • Wear ill-fitting footwear or shoes that are too tight. Women should refrain from wearing high-heeled shoes.
  • Push through the pain and keep putting strain on the affected area once the pain surfaces. It is important to get proper rest.
  • Walk or move with uneven gait. This will increase the pressure on your joints and cause the symptoms to worsen.

 

 

 

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Goji berry: A traditional Chinese berry that packs the best of antioxidants Goji berry is an ancient berry that is considered to be power-packed with nutrients and antioxidants. Which means…
What is the right way to take a pregnancy test? A pregnancy test is undertaken to determine if you have conceived. A home pregnancy test is the most…
How accurate is the hair follicle drug test? Hair follicle drug test is one of the best ways to identify drug use in professional circles. But…
sodium chloride
Halotherapy: How inhaling salt can work wonders for your body Halotherapy is quickly gaining popularity amongst those with respiratory diseases. It has shown promise in its treatment.
Balneotherapy jacuzzi
5 things you didn’t know about balneotherapy and how you can do it at home Sauna baths have been popular since a long time. But how much more beneficial can balneotherapy be as…
LFT-test
Liver Function Test – LFT LFT or Liver Function Test is a blood test used to determine the levels of hepatic enzymes which…
ASTtest-liver
AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase Test AST test is a blood test that is used to measure the level of a particular liver enzyme…
fructosamine test
Fructosamine Test A fructosamine test measures blood sugar glucose content. Fructosamine level can indicate blood sugar level in past 2-3…
leptospira Igm test
Leptospira-IgM Test A Leptospira-IgM test is a blood test which is carried out to detect anti-Leptospira IgM antibody. Leptospirosis is…
Okra: How can this nutrient-dense vegetable help you fight diabetes? Okra is a food which is rich in nutrients and minerals which are extremely essential for a healthy…
woman with abdominal pain holding ovulation calendar
Ovulation – facts to know about ovulation Learn how and when ovulation occurs, demystify common misconceptions, identify symptoms, methods of detection and right period for…
liver detox facts
7 liver detox facts and why ignoring these could kill you! Are you taking care of this organ that handles over 500 different vital functions in your body? Your…
Bromelain: 11 reasons why you should start adding pineapple to your pizza! If you didn't love pineapples already, here are some of the top health benefits that bromelain can bring…
Coconut sugar: What is it and is it healthier than table sugar? In the long list of things that the wonderful coconut gives us, coconut sugar is another remarkable addition.…
Tamarind: The top health benefits of this staple Asian ingredient Did you know this sweet and sour pulpy fruit does more than just add a tangy flavor to…
Experts reveal the safest ways to perform an enema at home The idea of pushing some up your rectal area might make you queasy but an enema could actually…
Fibromyalgia fatigue
HCG Diet: The dangers of using this diet to lose weight HCG is a natural hormone produced by both men and women that corresponds to fertility. But how is…
Urologist: When should you visit one and why? A urologist can treat not only genitourinary problems of both men and women but also can treat various…
How to scrub away stress and fatigue with an Epsom salt bath? Epsom salt is a popular home remedy for many skin ailments. Though there is a lack of scientific…
Barium-enema
Barium Enema Barium enema is also known as colon x-ray. Here, the patient is asked to consume small amount of…
Bronchoscopy procedure
Bronchoscopy Bronchoscopy is a procedure where in a scope is inserted into the lung pathway to observe any growth…
amylase test
Amylase Test Amylase test is done by checking the level of this protein in the blood sample and also in…
Period sanitary napkin-menstruaion-blood-colors
Period blood – what it says about your health Your period blood color and consistency indicate what is happening in your body. Is your blood bright red…
Sweeteners-good or bad?
Sweeteners – Are They Good or Bad for Our Health? Sweeteners can be artificial and natural. Learn about the different types of sweeteners and their health benefits and…
improve digestion weight loss
Power up your gut: 8 proven steps on how to improve your digestion Did you know you have a colony of bacteria in your gut that help you in digesting food?…
avocado benefits
Avocado: 15 reasons why this fruit should be a staple in your diet Did you know that the word avocado literally means "testicles". Don't get grossed out as this power-packed fruit…
green poop causes
Green poop : What are the reasons and how can you correct it Ever sneak a peek down the toilet only to shockingly find green poop? Why does our poop turn…
black seed oil benefits
Black Seed Oil: What secret benefits could it bestow on your health? Black seeds or nigella seeds are tiny packets of health brimming with amazing benefits. Find out why should…
edamame
Edamame: How healthy are these green baby beans? Edamame or "immature" soybeans are soft and easily digestable forms of soybeans that are great as an eveyday…
Oil of Oregano: The one-stop essential oil you’ve been looking for Are you plagued by a weak immune system? High body inflammation accompanied by pain and infections? Why not…
Cayenne: The remarkable benefits of these red hot chili peppers These may make you rush for a glass of water, but cayenne pepper is actually a healthy additive…
Did you know drinking alkaline water could be the healthier choice for you? Ever wondered how safe is your drinking water in terms of pH? Recent studies have revealed that Alkaline…
Kava: Is it the healthy substitute for alcohol you have been waiting for? Native to the beautiful South Pacific islands, Kava is a famous beverage rooted in the local culture. It…
Love tea, hate tannins? Rooibos tea is just what you need The market is brimming with a multitude of herbal teas. But what makes rooibos tea (or red bush)…
How seitan proved to be a blessing in disguise for vegans worldwide Can only meat-eaters enjoy delicious juicy steaks and burgers? With seitan, the best meat substitute available today,even vegans…
Astaxanthin: Why experts believe it could be 550x more potent than vitamin E! What is astaxanthin and why is this new supplement on the block touted as the most powerful antioxidant…
Pescatarian Diet 101: What are the inherent health advantages of this diet? People opt to become a pescatarian in order to enrich their bodies with the essential health benefits that…
SIBO Diet: The important dos and don’ts of this gut-healing diet A SIBO diet is a diet that works by eliminating certain sugars from your diet and adding fibers…
Crossfit with rope
CrossFit: Now get the perfectly sculpted body with this explosive gym routine CrossFit is a fitness regimen that makes use of high-intensity exercises in a shorter period to achieve muscle…
GGt test
GGT – Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Test GGT or gammaglutamyl transferase test is a liver function test that is used to detect the extent of…
blood elements analysis
Blood Element Analysis Test A blood element analysis is a blood test performed to measure the level of toxic elements such as…
folate test
Folate test The Folate test measures and monitors the levels of folic acid in the blood. This test is also…
lipase test
Lipase Test A lipase test is a blood test performed to quantitatively measure the level of the enzyme lipase in…
BULIMIA NERVOSA vomiting
Can you get addicted to food? Learn everything about food addiction What is food addiction? How can people get addicted to eating? Is it an unhealthy eating habit or…
Hepatitis A virus infected liver
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Total Blood test to look for IgM antibodies to know if you are infected with Hepatitis A virus (HAV),…
kshar sutra
Kshar sutra treatment for piles, fissures and fistula Read to know the benefits and side effects of kshar sutra to treat anal piles, fissures, and fistula…
Splenda
Splenda Splenda is an artificial sweetener derived from Stevia plant extracts. It is low in calories and a popular…
social media adddiction
Your health in the age of Social Media: Why is digital detox a necessity? Did you know that more than 400 million people are dangerously addicted to social media? Are you one…

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