Asbestosis

ASBESTOSIS gas mask

Last Updated December 20th, 2021

Overview

An occupational hazard is a risk that a worker in a certain industry or profession is exposed to as a consequence of the work that they do. Occupational hazards could range from the risk of injury to risk of chronic disease and even accidental death. Hence, it is imperative for every possible precaution to be exercised in order to prevent such outcomes. Those who handle asbestos, for instance, risk developing lung cancer or a condition known as asbestosis in the long term.

 

What Is Asbestos?

ASBESTOSIS fibres‘Asbestos’ is a generic term for a group of six naturally occurring silicate minerals that all display certain common properties. All six forms of asbestos are carcinogenic and can potentially give rise to cancer and asbestosis. They are all composed of microscopic fibers and were once considered desirable for a variety of applications on account of properties such as fire resistance, electrical resistance, sound absorption and resistance to corrosion by chemical agents. The mining of asbestos during the 19th and 20th centuries experienced a boom and the material was incorporated into all kinds of large and small constructions and products. It was used to make flameproof clothing, fire-retardant coatings, bricks, flooring, ceilings, plumbing, and plaster.

Eventually, the deaths of miners and workers in asbestos factories alerted physicians and governments to the toxic effects of asbestos exposure. Today, the use of asbestos is either banned or highly regulated in order to prevent illness from exposure.

 

What Is Asbestosis?

Asbestosis is a chronic interstitial lung disease caused by exposure to microscopic asbestos fibers. To be specific, it is a kind of pulmonary fibrosis. When asbestos is damaged or when it suffers abrasion, its fibers tend to get released into the air. When these are inhaled and continue to be inhaled over an extended period of time, the lungs become damaged and develop scarring as a result. There are two main types of asbestos fibers – straight and curly- and both are capable of causing scarring in the lungs. Hence, the primary function to be affected is breathing. Lung capacity can decrease dramatically and patients could even die of respiratory failure in the absence of treatment.

 

How Does It Develop?

When asbestos fibers enter the respiratory passages and eventually find their way into the lungs, they irritate the tissues and set off an immune response. Macrophages accumulate at the site. These are white blood cells responsible for deactivating foreign bodies or bacteria by ingesting and breaking them down. However, the macrophages are unable to lyse these mineral fibers and themselves become damaged in the process, attracting more macrophages and intensifying the inflammatory response. Fibroblast cells in the connective tissue attempt to cope by forming fibrous scar tissue. Such scarring causes lung tissue to thicken and become stiff, affecting the ability of the alveoli to perform the gaseous exchange. This process proceeds slowly and progressively over a period of years.

As the disease escalates, the lungs gradually lose their ability to expand and contract normally. These changes are responsible for symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue and chest pain. The formation of fibrous scarring may also extend to the diaphragm and the pleural membranes between the lungs and the chest wall. The lack of oxygen supply to the limbs and extremities can give rise to deformities in the fingers and nails.

 

Who Is Most At Risk Of Developing Asbestosis?

There are two main modes of exposure. Primary exposure occurs in instances of those who directly work with asbestos or with materials containing asbestos. The term ‘secondary exposure’ describes those instances where other individuals are exposed to fibers present in the clothing or belongings of those who have suffered primary exposure.

Prolonged exposure to asbestos or materials made up of asbestos can give rise to asbestosis. This is observed in the case of asbestos miners, electricians, plumbers, construction and demolition workers and workers in the shipbuilding industry, to name some typical examples. Generally, the greater and more prolonged the exposure, the higher the risk of developing asbestosis. It has also been observed that smoking can speed up the progression of this disease.

 

What Are The Symptoms Of Asbestosis?

It can take anywhere from a few years to a few decades for the symptoms of asbestosis to arise the following exposure. Typically, this condition is characterized by shortness of breath which sets in gradually. Shortness of breath becomes more pronounced whenever the person undertakes any activity that involves physical exertion. The list below enumerates typical symptoms:

  • Shortness of breath.
  • A chronic dry cough.
  • A sensation of tightness or even pain in the chest.
  • Loss of appetite.
  • Weight loss for no other apparent reason.
  • Clubbing of the fingers and deformed nails.

 

What Are The Possible Complications?

Patients suffering from asbestosis are at an increased risk of developing lung cancer. In advanced cases of asbestosis, as the lungs become more and more burdened with scarring, patients could develop respiratory failure. This complication can be fatal if not noticed and addressed in time.   

 

How Is Asbestosis Diagnosed?

The following procedures can aid in the diagnosis of this condition:

  • Medical and occupational history.
  • Physical examination. Auscultation with a stethoscope will reveal certain crackling or rasping sounds or other characteristic indications.
  • Pulmonary function tests which help to assess lung capacity and performance.
  • Chest X-ray, although this does not yield definitive indications.
  • Computerised tomography (CT scans) are more effective in making a clear diagnosis of asbestosis.
  • A biopsy of lung tissue may be required, particularly when there is suspicion of cancer.

 

What Is The Method Of Treatment?

ASBESTOSIS gas maskThere is no treatment devised in order to reverse the effect of asbestos on the alveoli of the lungs. The treatment of asbestosis only aims at impeding the progression of the condition and relieving symptoms.

Based on the severity of the condition, regular follow-up sessions are advised. Investigations such as lung function tests and chest X-rays are conducted in order to monitor and evaluate the changes in the condition of the patient. A radio-opaque (white) or honeycomb appearance on your lungs is observed in the x-ray report. Lung function tests can help to evaluate the lung capacity. In cases of advanced asbestosis, supplemental oxygen is given to the patient to ease the difficulty in breathing. The oxygen is delivered by means of thin plastic tubes with a mask or prongs fitting to the nostrils. Congestion in the lungs can be relieved by means of prescription inhalers.

Surgical intervention: Lung transplant surgeries might be required if the symptoms worsen and the condition keeps deteriorating in spite of supportive care. The condition can be prevented from getting worse by quitting smoking and by avoiding exposure to asbestos.

Prevention of the condition is only by avoiding exposure to asbestos (usually at the workplace).

 

 

Dos and Don'ts

Dos
  • Practice safe work procedures when handling asbestos.
  • Maintain high standards of personal hygiene and scrupulous housekeeping in order to prevent the dust containing asbestos from reaching the residential spaces.
  • Wear water-proof full-body protective clothing while handling asbestos.
  • Get vaccinated to prevent lung infections. Flu and pneumonia vaccines should be taken. Any respiratory infection should be treated promptly.
Don'ts
  • Ignore symptoms such as shortness of breath, a persistent dry cough, loss of weight, loss of appetite, chest pain, and tightness in the chest.
  • Have a habit of smoking. Asbestosis makes you susceptible to lung cancer. Smoking can increase the risks of having emphysema or lung cancer. Exposure to secondhand smoke can also have detrimental effects on the condition of the lungs.
  • Miss the regular dust monitoring in places where asbestos work is in progress.

 

 

 

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GGT – Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Test GGT or gammaglutamyl transferase test is a liver function test that is used to detect the extent of…
Bloodtestalbumin
Albumin Test Albumin test or blood serum test is a liver function test that measures the amount of the protein…
blood elements analysis
Blood Element Analysis Test A blood element analysis is a blood test performed to measure the level of toxic elements such as…
fructosamine test
Fructosamine Test A fructosamine test measures blood sugar glucose content. Fructosamine level can indicate blood sugar level in past 2-3…
anoscopy
Anoscopy Anoscopy is an invasive diagnostic procedure where a small device known as anoscope will be inserted in the…
Diabetes blood test
Diabetic Profile The diabetic profile is a set of tests used for testing and monitoring the various kinds of Diabetes…
Hymenoplasty
Hymenoplasty Read on to find out all about hymenoplasty, the procedure, post-surgery care, the risks, and the benefits.
oral hygiene tips
6 shocking consequences of bad oral hygiene (and how to avoid them) Did you know bad breath is not just turning off, but also harms your body in ways you…
xylitol gum
Xylitol : Is this the right sugar substitute for you? Discovered during World War 2 owing to sugar shortage, xylitol has become a common name in pharamaceutical industry.…
avocado benefits
Avocado: 15 reasons why this fruit should be a staple in your diet Did you know that the word avocado literally means "testicles". Don't get grossed out as this power-packed fruit…
gallbladder diet tomato
Gallbladder surgery :Tips on post-operative care and diet What to eat post a gallbladder surgery? What are the key things to avoid if you had a…
black seed oil benefits
Black Seed Oil: What secret benefits could it bestow on your health? Black seeds or nigella seeds are tiny packets of health brimming with amazing benefits. Find out why should…
Cayenne: The remarkable benefits of these red hot chili peppers These may make you rush for a glass of water, but cayenne pepper is actually a healthy additive…
Kava: Is it the healthy substitute for alcohol you have been waiting for? Native to the beautiful South Pacific islands, Kava is a famous beverage rooted in the local culture. It…
CLA: A breakthrough weight loss supplement with minimal side effects Tried every weight loss supplement in the market with no substantial gain? Why not try CLA supplements, derived…
Mood swings
The real reasons for your mood swings and how to overcome them Are you prone to heated moods frequently? Do you also feel bouts of depressive feeling creeping up on…
glucose-tolerance
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test – GTT Glucose tolerance test (or Oral GTT) is used to detect the onset of diabetes or prediabetes conditions. It…
ASTtest-liver
AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase Test AST test is a blood test that is used to measure the level of a particular liver enzyme…
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPIDANTIBODY(APL)_IgG
Antiphospholipid (APL) antibody-IgG The Antiphospholipid Antibody testing is a blood test used to determine an autoimmune disorder called Antiphospholipid syndrome linked…
Strep throat pain
Anti-Streptolysin-O Test The ASO or Anti-Streptolysin-O is a blood test designed to check for the presence of streptococcus bacterial infection…
vdrl test syphilis
VDRL Test The VDRL test is a blood test that is used to diagnose sexually transmitted or venereal diseases, primarily…
malarial antigen test
Malaria Antigen Test A malaria antigen test is a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that can detect malarial antigens (proteins) in your…
iron deficiency profile
Iron Deficiency Profile An iron deficiency profile is a battery of blood tests which are performed in order to determine the…
Hepatitis A virus infected liver
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Total Blood test to look for IgM antibodies to know if you are infected with Hepatitis A virus (HAV),…
stress depressed anxiety
Are you depressed or just stressed? Know when to see a doctor Why are some people more anxious than others? Is being depressed the same as feeling sad? Have you…
sugar toxic health
Sugar: 7 new shocking truths revealed about the sweet poison Can drinking soda bring you closer to death? Is sugar slowly poisoning you and your family? You would…
L-theanine attention
L-Theanine: Better sleep, higher focus, and many other benefits Did you know that L-theanine found in green tea can make you sleep better and be focused at…
High Fiber Diet – Fire up your fiber intake for these health benefits! Regular bowels, healthy detox, higher immunity, and guaranteed weight loss - a high fiber diet can bring all…
Agave nectar: The bitter truth about this sweetener revealed Agave nectar is considered to be sweeter than the normal table sugar and even contains higher amounts of…
gout diet purines
Gout Diet : Get relief from painful joints by eating these foods Are you a victim of this painful condition? Are medications providing only short relief? Find a list of…
DHEA wrinkles
DHEA: Now get unbelievable age defiance with this wonder hormone! DHEA is known popularly as the age-defying hormone. This supplement is widely used to slow down aging and…
Oil of Oregano: The one-stop essential oil you’ve been looking for Are you plagued by a weak immune system? High body inflammation accompanied by pain and infections? Why not…
How seitan proved to be a blessing in disguise for vegans worldwide Can only meat-eaters enjoy delicious juicy steaks and burgers? With seitan, the best meat substitute available today,even vegans…
How can Kegels help you overcome weak pelvic muscles & incontinence? Kegel exercises are pelvic floor strengthening exercises that can help you overcome incontinence issues that rise out of…
Pescatarian Diet 101: What are the inherent health advantages of this diet? People opt to become a pescatarian in order to enrich their bodies with the essential health benefits that…
Inhale oxygen, exhale worries: The top breathing exercises and how to perform them Performing the breathing exercise is like becoming mindful of how you breathe.  Here is a list of breathing…
hemoglobin variant analysis
Hemoglobin Variant Analysis Hemoglobin variant analysis is a blood test that is used to detect the presence of hemoglobin variants which…
cystatin C
Cystatin C Test Cystatin C is a specific single-chain protein that is found in body fluids and is a biomarker for…
piles fissure fistula
Allopathy vs homeopathy vs ayurveda treatment for piles, fissures, and fistula Read to know the best form of treatment among allopathy, homeopathy,or ayurveda for piles, fissures, and fistula
liver detox facts
7 liver detox facts and why ignoring these could kill you! Are you taking care of this organ that handles over 500 different vital functions in your body? Your…
lose weight fast
12 easy and instant steps to successful weight loss Do you want to lose weight without losing your mind? Does weight loss always mean saying goodbye to…

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