Urinary Incontinence In Women

URINARY INCONTINENCE

Last Updated December 20th, 2021

Overview

Sometimes a person experiences accidental voiding of the bladder because of the inability to fully control the urge to urinate. This is known as urinary incontinence. It is very common, affecting an estimated 200 million individuals globally. While it can occur in either sex and in varying degrees, it is far more common among women.

This disparity is generally attributed to the increased likelihood of women suffering pregnancy and childbirth-related stress that can lead to incontinence. This condition can affect the individual’s ability to confidently participate in outdoor activities or exercise for fear of accidental urination which can be embarrassing.

 

What Is Urinary Incontinence In Women?

The inability to control the urge to urinate is known as urinary incontinence. This condition may be temporary or persistent. Its causes are varied and numerous. Most healthy individuals are normally able to voluntarily control the urge to urinate. When this ability is compromised or completely lost, the person is unable to control the passing of urine.

 

What Causes It?

URINARY INCONTINENCE bladderLoss of bladder control can occur for a variety of reasons.

Pregnancy places an abnormal amount of stress on the internal organs, particularly during the final trimester. It is quite possible for the bladder to become displaced as a result of this. The pelvic floor muscles may also become weak enough to cause incontinence.

Labour and childbirth are processes that involve a great deal of stress to the body. A vaginal delivery can weaken the pelvic floor muscles or damage the nerves associated with the bladder. The ligaments supporting the bladder can become damaged or weakened as a consequence of prolonged labor and the use of instruments such as forceps to assist childbirth. Incontinence may occur soon after a vaginal delivery or manifest later in life.

  • Hormonal changes that occur during menopause can also lead to bladder incontinence.
  • Hysterectomy can affect the pelvic floor muscles or the sphincters guarding the urethra.
  • Having a urogenital fistula which is an abnormal tunnel connecting a part of the genital tract (usually the vagina) with the bladder, ureter or urethra.

The above conditions are unique to the female sex. However, there are a number of other possible causes for incontinence:

  • The strain associated with chronic constipation can lead to loss of bladder control.
  • Infection of the urinary tract or bladder.
  • Blockages in the urinary tract or bladder. This includes tumors or bladder stones.
  • Taking hormone therapy.
  • Taking chemotherapy or radiation therapy.
  • Consumption of diuretics. This includes medications or even caffeinated beverages.
  • Impairment in nerve function. Brain or spinal cord injury, stroke or degenerative disorders of the nervous system can all result in loss of the nervous control necessary to regulate voiding of the bladder.
  • Being overweight or obese increases the chances of developing urinary incontinence.
  • Having a disease such as diabetes or multiple sclerosis can lead to incontinence.
  • Aging weakens the structures supporting the bladder and the muscular sphincters that control the exit of urine.

 

Symptoms

One or more of the following symptoms may be observed:

 

Types of Urinary Incontinence in Women

  • URINARY INCONTINENCEStress incontinence: When a sudden pressure is exerted on the bladder, the person can involuntarily expel a few drops of urine. This may occur when exercising or lifting heavy objects. It can be brought on by a laugh, cough, or sneeze. This is the most common form of incontinence among women. The weakening of the pelvic floor muscles or of the wall or sphincters of the urethra or displacement of the bladder are all possible causes of stress incontinence. Any or all of these can occur as a result of pregnancy and childbirth.
  • Urge incontinence: This is also known as ‘overactive bladder’. It is characterized by frequent and sudden involuntary spasms of the bladder muscles causing it to unexpectedly expel urine. This can happen as a result of bladder cancer or bladder stones.
  • Overflow incontinence: This describes a type of incontinence in which the bladder is only partially voided when the person urinates.
  • Functional incontinence: Some people may be physically unable to reach a restroom in time to urinate. This can occur in individuals with physical disabilities. It can also occur in people suffering from neurological disorders such as dementia since they may not be able to successfully communicate the need to use the restroom. They may even fail to recognize the need to locate a restroom in time.
  • True incontinence: This is characterized by a continuous leakage of urine. It usually occurs as a result of a urogenital fistula.
  • Mixed incontinence: This type shares the features of two or more other types. Most often it combines the features of the stress type and urge type.

 

Complications Of Urinary Incontinence

If women with incontinence severely cut down on their outdoor activities or exercise for fear of embarrassing themselves, they may end up developing other health conditions such as obesity or diabetes. Long-term incontinence increases the probability of recurrent urinary tract infections. Rashes and other forms of skin irritation can also manifest.

 

Diagnosis

Incontinence is not a disease in itself. Rather it is a symptom. When a patient reports an inability to control her urge to urinate, the physician must determine what is responsible for this. Evaluating the patient’s medical history reveals predisposing factors or underlying disorders. An initial pelvic examination is usually followed by a variety of tests. Testing urine samples reveals signs of infections or of bladder cancer. Cystoscopy helps to examine the inside of the bladder for any tumors, stones or other physical obstructions.

Other tests are aimed at assessing whether the bladder is completely voided after urination, assessing the pressure and flow of urine and the quantity of urine output. Imaging tests such as ultrasounds may also be recommended in order to examine the kidneys and bladder and to reveal any tumors or fibroids.

 

Treatment & Prevention

URINARY INCONTINENCE IN WOMENThe following are the main treatment methods used to address and treat urinary incontinence:

  • Medications: Drugs that relax bladder muscles are helpful in treating this condition. These include mirabegron, oxybutynin, and tamsulosin. Estrogen creams are mostly prescribed to post-menopausal women.
  • Urethral inserts: Urethral inserts are used to reduce the stress on the bladder and prevent leakage of urine.
  • Bulking material: In some patients, a bulking material such as collagen is injected around the urethral region so that it remains closed and prevents the involuntary leakage of urine.
  • Botox: Botox helps in increasing the holding capacity of the bladder and thus reduces urinary incontinence episodes.

Urinary incontinence can be prevented by:

  • Instead of drinking large volumes of fluids at one go, take smaller sips throughout the day.
  • Don’t drink any fluids before bedtime.
  • Try following a strict schedule for going to the bathroom. Wait for a fixed period of time before going to the loo. This will increase the bladder’s capacity.
  • Maintain a healthy weight and prevent the onset of constipation as it can also cause bladder incontinence.

 

Dos and Don'ts

Dos
  • Wear incontinence –protection diaper that fits you perfectly. Take proper measurements to ensure that it is neither too large nor small.
  • Practice physical therapy and kegel exercises in order to strengthen your pelvic muscles.
  • Maintain a journal or log that keeps track of your incontinence episodes and how many times you empty the bladder.
  • Keep your weight in check. Being over-weight or obese can lead to higher bladder incontinence.
Don'ts
  • Normal scented soaps for incontinence cleaning as this can cause irritation and dryness of the skin.
  • Restrict your fluid intake just because you are suffering from urinary incontinence.
  • Use menstrual pads to soak bladder incontinence fluid.
  • Indulge in smoking. Smoking can cause chronic coughing that puts additional pressure on the bladder muscles.

 

 

 

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Experts reveal the safest ways to perform an enema at home The idea of pushing some up your rectal area might make you queasy but an enema could actually…
What is the right way to take a pregnancy test? A pregnancy test is undertaken to determine if you have conceived. A home pregnancy test is the most…
GERD heartburn
Heartburn: What are the exact symptoms and the best home remedies? There are easy home remedies for heartburn, which not only acts as a first aid when you experience…
Barium-enema
Barium Enema Barium enema is also known as colon x-ray. Here, the patient is asked to consume small amount of…
GGt test
GGT – Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Test GGT or gammaglutamyl transferase test is a liver function test that is used to detect the extent of…
blood elements analysis
Blood Element Analysis Test A blood element analysis is a blood test performed to measure the level of toxic elements such as…
fructosamine test
Fructosamine Test A fructosamine test measures blood sugar glucose content. Fructosamine level can indicate blood sugar level in past 2-3…
anoscopy
Anoscopy Anoscopy is an invasive diagnostic procedure where a small device known as anoscope will be inserted in the…
iron deficiency profile
Iron Deficiency Profile An iron deficiency profile is a battery of blood tests which are performed in order to determine the…
Diabetes blood test
Diabetic Profile The diabetic profile is a set of tests used for testing and monitoring the various kinds of Diabetes…
oral hygiene tips
6 shocking consequences of bad oral hygiene (and how to avoid them) Did you know bad breath is not just turning off, but also harms your body in ways you…
Dragon Fruit – Blessing from Nature’s Basket Dragon fruit is packed with nutrients but low on calories. It is the dream food that can help…
xylitol gum
Xylitol : Is this the right sugar substitute for you? Discovered during World War 2 owing to sugar shortage, xylitol has become a common name in pharamaceutical industry.…
avocado benefits
Avocado: 15 reasons why this fruit should be a staple in your diet Did you know that the word avocado literally means "testicles". Don't get grossed out as this power-packed fruit…
ashwagandha brain
Ashwagandha: The best-kept secret of Ayurveda now revealed! Ashwagandha literally means "smell of horse". Don't get bogged down by that one tiny detail because this ayurveduic…
black seed oil benefits
Black Seed Oil: What secret benefits could it bestow on your health? Black seeds or nigella seeds are tiny packets of health brimming with amazing benefits. Find out why should…
Cayenne: The remarkable benefits of these red hot chili peppers These may make you rush for a glass of water, but cayenne pepper is actually a healthy additive…
Kava: Is it the healthy substitute for alcohol you have been waiting for? Native to the beautiful South Pacific islands, Kava is a famous beverage rooted in the local culture. It…
glucose-tolerance
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test – GTT Glucose tolerance test (or Oral GTT) is used to detect the onset of diabetes or prediabetes conditions. It…
ASTtest-liver
AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase Test AST test is a blood test that is used to measure the level of a particular liver enzyme…
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPIDANTIBODY(APL)_IgG
Antiphospholipid (APL) antibody-IgG The Antiphospholipid Antibody testing is a blood test used to determine an autoimmune disorder called Antiphospholipid syndrome linked…
vdrl test syphilis
VDRL Test The VDRL test is a blood test that is used to diagnose sexually transmitted or venereal diseases, primarily…
malarial antigen test
Malaria Antigen Test A malaria antigen test is a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that can detect malarial antigens (proteins) in your…
Okra: How can this nutrient-dense vegetable help you fight diabetes? Okra is a food which is rich in nutrients and minerals which are extremely essential for a healthy…
Hepatitis A virus infected liver
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Total Blood test to look for IgM antibodies to know if you are infected with Hepatitis A virus (HAV),…
stress depressed anxiety
Are you depressed or just stressed? Know when to see a doctor Why are some people more anxious than others? Is being depressed the same as feeling sad? Have you…
sugar toxic health
Sugar: 7 new shocking truths revealed about the sweet poison Can drinking soda bring you closer to death? Is sugar slowly poisoning you and your family? You would…
L-theanine attention
L-Theanine: Better sleep, higher focus, and many other benefits Did you know that L-theanine found in green tea can make you sleep better and be focused at…
aspartame or sugar
Aspartame – Hidden truths about this storm in a teacup Aspartame, the artificial sweetener, has gone under the scanner on several occasions for allegedly doing more harm than…
High Fiber Diet – Fire up your fiber intake for these health benefits! Regular bowels, healthy detox, higher immunity, and guaranteed weight loss - a high fiber diet can bring all…
gallbladder diet tomato
Gallbladder surgery :Tips on post-operative care and diet What to eat post a gallbladder surgery? What are the key things to avoid if you had a…
DHEA wrinkles
DHEA: Now get unbelievable age defiance with this wonder hormone! DHEA is known popularly as the age-defying hormone. This supplement is widely used to slow down aging and…
Oil of Oregano: The one-stop essential oil you’ve been looking for Are you plagued by a weak immune system? High body inflammation accompanied by pain and infections? Why not…
Love tea, hate tannins? Rooibos tea is just what you need The market is brimming with a multitude of herbal teas. But what makes rooibos tea (or red bush)…
How seitan proved to be a blessing in disguise for vegans worldwide Can only meat-eaters enjoy delicious juicy steaks and burgers? With seitan, the best meat substitute available today,even vegans…
Pescatarian Diet 101: What are the inherent health advantages of this diet? People opt to become a pescatarian in order to enrich their bodies with the essential health benefits that…
shakeology woman
Meal replacement or protein drink? Learn all about Shakeology and its claims Shakeology from Beachbody claims to be the most suitable shake that can aid in weight loss, regulate blood…
hemoglobin variant analysis
Hemoglobin Variant Analysis Hemoglobin variant analysis is a blood test that is used to detect the presence of hemoglobin variants which…
cystatin C
Cystatin C Test Cystatin C is a specific single-chain protein that is found in body fluids and is a biomarker for…
piles fissure fistula
Allopathy vs homeopathy vs ayurveda treatment for piles, fissures, and fistula Read to know the best form of treatment among allopathy, homeopathy,or ayurveda for piles, fissures, and fistula
liver detox facts
7 liver detox facts and why ignoring these could kill you! Are you taking care of this organ that handles over 500 different vital functions in your body? Your…
lose weight fast
12 easy and instant steps to successful weight loss Do you want to lose weight without losing your mind? Does weight loss always mean saying goodbye to…

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