Lupus Rash


Last Updated December 20th, 2021

How does lupus affect our body?

A systemic autoimmune disease where the body’s immune system starts attacking its own tissues and organs is called lupus.  Due to this behavior of the immune system various parts of the body is affected such as the skin, joints, kidneys, brain, heart, and lungs.  A rash resembling a butterfly appears on the face indicating early signs of lupus.

It should be noted that signs and symptoms associated with lupus vary from person to person.  It is not necessary that all who are affected by lupus have the same types of symptoms.  In the majority of the cases, the symptoms occur only when there is a flare-up.  A butterfly rash occurring on the face occurs on the majority of the cases, but not necessarily in all the cases.  It should be noted that there is no cure for lupus other than keeping the symptoms under check and not letting them to flare-up frequently.

Types of lupus

Lupus has been broadly divided into three main categories.  These include discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and finally drug-induced lupus (DILE).

Discoid lupus erythematosus

This condition generally affects the skin and is triggered by exposure to sunlight.  It does not involve the glands or the organs and is considered a milder form of lupus.

Systemic lupus erythematosus

This is by far the most severe form of lupus and affects the entire body including the organs, glands, etc.

Drug-induced lupus

This condition is caused due to the side effect of long-term use of certain medications.  They are similar to systemic lupus erythematosus as they affect the entire body.  A certain group of medications have been identified to cause this problem and include beta blockers, anti-seizure medications, proton pump inhibitors, as well as sulfonamides.

How is lupus caused?

As discussed earlier, it is a disease where the immune system attacks the body.  Studies have indicated that this generally occurs due to the combination of genetics and the environment.  Since there is no clear understanding as to what caused this to occur, it has been estimated that people who have inherited the disease come in contact with an external source such as environment which triggers this reaction.  Some of the common triggers are discussed below and these include:

Exposure to sunlight

People tend to get a facial rash resembling a butterfly on their face due to sunlight exposure.  This is considered as the internal response of the immune system when the skin was exposed to sunlight.

Viral and bacterial infections

Studies have indicated that a viral or bacterial infection can initiate lupus in the body.

Side effects of medications

It has been found that certain group of medications such as anti-seizure medications, blood pressure medications, antibiotics, etc can cause drug-induced lupus and the symptoms would generally dissipate as the medication is discontinued.

Overview of signs and symptoms of lupus

There seems to be no particular pattern in the occurrence of symptoms.  The symptoms associated with lupus may occur suddenly or slowly.  It may be mild in certain cases and severe in other cases.  Certain symptoms occur temporarily and others may be permanent.  People who are diagnosed with lupus have a persistent mild disease with sudden flare-ups and this is when the signs and symptoms become prominent.

Most importantly signs and symptoms occur depending on which part of the body is affected.  Both the sexes experience the same type of symptoms but it is the women who tend to experience this condition quite commonly.  Signs and symptoms are experienced in the form of flare-ups and remissions.  Some of the commonly experienced signs and symptoms include:

Fatigue and tiredness

According to research from Johns Hopkins Lupus Center, it has been estimated that around 90% of patients affected with lupus experience fatigue and tiredness.  It can affect the normal lifestyle by making it difficult to carry out day to day work, exercise, or even go shopping.  A few people prefer taking a mid-day nap to combat this problem but it is not possible for everybody to afford this comfort.  Doctors, on the other hand, would suggest you to be much more active to combat this situation of fatigue and tiredness.

Persistent fever

A persistent fever between 99 and 101 degrees Fahrenheit is considered as one of the earliest signs of lupus.  It is also an indication that there are persistent infection and inflammation in the body which is causing the recurrent fever.  People diagnosed with lupus consider this as an indication that a lupus flare is on its way sooner or later.

Redness and inflammation of muscles/joints

Muscle tend to become sore and the joints become stiff due to swelling.  This is generally associated with pain and makes ambulation highly impossible due to these symptoms.

Lack of blood circulation:  Your fingers or toes could turn blue due to the lack of blood supply to these parts of the body.  This is called Raynaud’s phenomenon.

Butterfly rashes

A person affected by lupus may experience this highly noticeable symptom where facial rash would appear resembling a butterfly.  If the flare-up is severe, it can develop into hives and photosensitivity.  Few patients may also experience discoid lesions on the skin which is about the size of a coin.

Photosensitivity

Sunburn, skin lesions, and skin itchiness become a common phenomenon for patients suffering from lupus.

Breathing difficulty and heart symptoms

Shortness of breath and chest pain could be caused due to the persistent inflammation of the blood vessels and diaphragm.

Anemia

This is considered the main cause of fatigue due to the rapid reduction in red blood cells or the blood volume.

Fluid retention

This can be experienced with symptoms of puffing of face and around the eyes.  It can also be experienced in the form of ankle swelling.

Sjogren’s syndrome

Fluid production in the glands can be affected and there would be a reduction in the amount of saliva and tear production.  This is called the Sjogren’s syndrome and can even lead to ulcers in the mouth and around the nose.

Issues with digestion

Indigestion and loss of appetite are some of the symptoms associated with the gastrointestinal tract.  If the patient is also affected by stress, the symptoms tend to exacerbate and cause further problems.  This is generally associated with systemic lupus erythematosus.  Corticosteroids are generally prescribed for this condition, but this may cause weight gain and increase blood sugar levels.

Insomnia

Fatigue can lead to daytime sleeping and this may impact with sleep pattern at night and lead to insomnia.

Hair fall

Alopecia may occur where chunks of hair fall out causing a bald patch on the scalp due to irritation and scalp inflammation.  The symptoms can be so severe that even bodily hair could fall out such as eyebrows and eyelashes.

Loss of libido

This is caused mainly due to multiple symptoms caused by lupus such as fatigue, hormonal changes, dryness in the vagina, as well as irregular periods.

Headaches

This is quite a common symptom of lupus and occurs in the majority of cases.  Again, headache is caused due to the combination of various factors associated with lupus.

Mood Changes

Confusion, memory loss, and agitation are some of the symptoms that can impact a person affected by lupus.  Depression is a common symptom that is generally associated with lupus.

What are the complications of lupus?

The majority of complications caused by lupus are due to the inflammation it causes in the body.  This inflammation can affect several organs and these include:

  • Kidneys – Kidney failure may occur due to inflammation. If the underlying cause is not treated, it may even lead to death.
  • Central nervous system – As discussed earlier, symptoms such as headache, mood changes, seizures, agitation, and depression may occur.
  • Blood-related problems – Blood clots and reduction in red blood cells are some of the complications associated with lupus. Vasculitis which is the inflammation of the blood vessels can occur due to lupus.
  • Lungs – Inflammation of the chest called pleurisy as well as bleeding into the lungs are some of the complications related to the lungs.
  • Heart – As discussed earlier, blood clots due to inflammation can block the arteries and cause heart attacks.
  • Infection – Due to the multiple complications associated with lupus, the immune system of the body is weakened and the body becomes more vulnerable to infections.
  • Avascular necrosis – Reduction in the amount of blood supply to the bones may occur which can lead to hairline fractures and eventually collapse of the bone.
  • Miscarriage – Due to an increase in blood pressure during pregnancy, there is a higher chance of preterm birth as well as miscarriage.

How is it diagnosed?

Since it is an autoimmune disease, it is quite difficult to diagnose lupus since a particular test alone cannot determine it.  A combination of multiple tests including urine test, blood test, as well as physical examination is required to diagnose the problem.

Laboratory tests

  • Complete blood count – This is generally ordered to find if the patient is suffering from anemia or an overall reduction in the blood volume level. Both these conditions are related to lupus.
  • Erythrocyte sedimentation rate – High sedimentation rate indicates the presence of infection, inflammation, cancer, or lupus.
  • Urinalysis – High levels of red blood cells and protein in the urine can indicate malfunctioning kidneys associated with lupus.
  • Antinuclear antibody test – A stimulated immune system indicates the presence of antinuclear antibodies which occurs during a lupus flare-up.

Imaging tests

If any of the above laboratory tests indicate lupus further imaging tests are ordered to confirm the diagnosis and these include:

  • Chest x-ray – Presence of fluid and inflammation in the lungs and surrounding tissues may indicate damage to the lungs.
  • Echocardiogram – Problems related to the heart can be assessed with the help of ECG which produces real-time images of the heartbeat.

Biopsy

Damage to the kidney due to lupus needs to be assessed with the help of a biopsy.  Similarly, a skin biopsy is obtained to confirm the diagnosis of lupus.

Conventional treatments

Treatment for lupus mainly concentrates on identifying the underlying cause and limiting the flare-ups.  In some cases, a decision is taken if the symptom needs to be treated or not depending on the severity and prognosis.  Dosage of medications would be varied as the flare-ups increase and decrease.  Some of the most common treatments include:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Over-the-counter medications to reduce pain and swelling such as NSAIDs are prescribed.  Due to the side effects associated with these medications, the prescription is limited for a certain period of time.

Anti-malarial drugs

Lupus flares can be limited to the use of anti-malarial drugs.  Damage to the retina and stomach upsets are some of the side effects of these medications and hence close monitoring is required.

Corticosteroids

Inflammation related to lupus can be limited to the use of corticosteroids, but these drugs can result in weight gain and high blood sugar levels.

Immunosuppressants

These drugs suppress the immune system and are used to treat severe flare-ups of lupus.

 

Dos and Don'ts

Dos
  • Seek immediate medical treatment.
  • Have regular medical checkups.
  • Avoid sunlight exposure.
  • Take medications regularly.
Don'ts
  • Delay medical treatment.
  • Expose skin to excess sunlight.
  • Stop medications prematurely.
  • Self medicate.

 

 

 

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Bubble Tea: Bubbling with nutrition or a hidden sugar mine? The tapioca pearls present in the tea looks like bubbles and hence the name bubble tea became popular.…
Barium-enema
Barium Enema Barium enema is also known as colon x-ray. Here, the patient is asked to consume small amount of…
oral hygiene tips
6 shocking consequences of bad oral hygiene (and how to avoid them) Did you know bad breath is not just turning off, but also harms your body in ways you…
Shilajit: A miracle Himalayan herb for an active and happy life The Himalayas contain more wonders than you thought. Shilajit is a miracle herb that is widely used in…
GM Diet: The fastest way to lose weight or yet another hoax diet? General Motors started this trend of extreme dieting for 7 straight days to ensure its employees were able…
CLA: A breakthrough weight loss supplement with minimal side effects Tried every weight loss supplement in the market with no substantial gain? Why not try CLA supplements, derived…
Psyllium Husk: More than just an effective natural laxative Psyllium husk, or isabgol, is a popular natural laxative . But did you in addition to regulating bowels,…
Goji berry: A traditional Chinese berry that packs the best of antioxidants Goji berry is an ancient berry that is considered to be power-packed with nutrients and antioxidants. Which means…
Tart Cherry: The healthiest excuse for taking that second serving of pie Tart cherry has been traditionally used in delectable desserts such as pies. Recent studies have revealed that its…
blood elements analysis
Blood Element Analysis Test A blood element analysis is a blood test performed to measure the level of toxic elements such as…
amylase test
Amylase Test Amylase test is done by checking the level of this protein in the blood sample and also in…
fructosamine test
Fructosamine Test A fructosamine test measures blood sugar glucose content. Fructosamine level can indicate blood sugar level in past 2-3…
Rubella IgM test
Rubella IgM Test The Rubella IgM test is a blood test that is performed to diagnose the presence of the rubella…
antiHEV IgM test
Anti hepatitis E virus (Anti HEV) IgM Test Anti HEV IgM test determines the level of the IgM antibodies in the blood, The disease is often…
sodium blood test
Blood Sodium Test A blood sodium test measures the amount of sodium (an important electrolyte) in your body. It is also…
leptospira Igm test
Leptospira-IgM Test A Leptospira-IgM test is a blood test which is carried out to detect anti-Leptospira IgM antibody. Leptospirosis is…
blood ketone test
Blood Ketone (D3HB) Test The Blood Ketone Test measures and monitors the levels of ketone in the blood which is usually performed…
iron deficiency profile
Iron Deficiency Profile An iron deficiency profile is a battery of blood tests which are performed in order to determine the…
Diabetes blood test
Diabetic Profile The diabetic profile is a set of tests used for testing and monitoring the various kinds of Diabetes…
Hymenoplasty
Hymenoplasty Read on to find out all about hymenoplasty, the procedure, post-surgery care, the risks, and the benefits.
hidden benefits walking
9 benefits of walking we bet you didn’t know! Did you know walking can be the miracle pill for eternal youth? Everyone knows walking is good for…
Dragon Fruit – Blessing from Nature’s Basket Dragon fruit is packed with nutrients but low on calories. It is the dream food that can help…
xylitol gum
Xylitol : Is this the right sugar substitute for you? Discovered during World War 2 owing to sugar shortage, xylitol has become a common name in pharamaceutical industry.…
gallbladder diet tomato
Gallbladder surgery :Tips on post-operative care and diet What to eat post a gallbladder surgery? What are the key things to avoid if you had a…
black seed oil benefits
Black Seed Oil: What secret benefits could it bestow on your health? Black seeds or nigella seeds are tiny packets of health brimming with amazing benefits. Find out why should…
How can berberine supplements help you live longer and healthier? Berberine is a turmeric look-alike herbal extract that is credited with numerous health benefits ranging from diabetes cure…
How to correctly perform nasal irrigation using a Neti Pot? Neti pot has been a part of Ayurveda since centuries. This ancient tool is extremely effective in treating…
How can Kegels help you overcome weak pelvic muscles & incontinence? Kegel exercises are pelvic floor strengthening exercises that can help you overcome incontinence issues that rise out of…
What to eat, what not to eat in the South Beach Diet? The South Beach Diet is one among the most popular weight loss programs that have been the talk…
Experts reveal the safest ways to perform an enema at home The idea of pushing some up your rectal area might make you queasy but an enema could actually…
Quinine: How gin and tonic came to be known as a potent health elixir The discovery of quinine-containing tree bark is sometimes considered the most serendipitous medical discovery of the 17th century.
GGt test
GGT – Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Test GGT or gammaglutamyl transferase test is a liver function test that is used to detect the extent of…
Bloodtestalbumin
Albumin Test Albumin test or blood serum test is a liver function test that measures the amount of the protein…
anoscopy
Anoscopy Anoscopy is an invasive diagnostic procedure where a small device known as anoscope will be inserted in the…
malarial antigen test
Malaria Antigen Test A malaria antigen test is a rapid diagnostic test (RDT) that can detect malarial antigens (proteins) in your…
sugar toxic health
Sugar: 7 new shocking truths revealed about the sweet poison Can drinking soda bring you closer to death? Is sugar slowly poisoning you and your family? You would…
avocado benefits
Avocado: 15 reasons why this fruit should be a staple in your diet Did you know that the word avocado literally means "testicles". Don't get grossed out as this power-packed fruit…
Cayenne: The remarkable benefits of these red hot chili peppers These may make you rush for a glass of water, but cayenne pepper is actually a healthy additive…
Kava: Is it the healthy substitute for alcohol you have been waiting for? Native to the beautiful South Pacific islands, Kava is a famous beverage rooted in the local culture. It…
How seitan proved to be a blessing in disguise for vegans worldwide Can only meat-eaters enjoy delicious juicy steaks and burgers? With seitan, the best meat substitute available today,even vegans…
Mood swings
The real reasons for your mood swings and how to overcome them Are you prone to heated moods frequently? Do you also feel bouts of depressive feeling creeping up on…
What is the right way to take a pregnancy test? A pregnancy test is undertaken to determine if you have conceived. A home pregnancy test is the most…
Urologist: When should you visit one and why? A urologist can treat not only genitourinary problems of both men and women but also can treat various…
Inhale oxygen, exhale worries: The top breathing exercises and how to perform them Performing the breathing exercise is like becoming mindful of how you breathe.  Here is a list of breathing…
glucose-tolerance
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test – GTT Glucose tolerance test (or Oral GTT) is used to detect the onset of diabetes or prediabetes conditions. It…
LFT-test
Liver Function Test – LFT LFT or Liver Function Test is a blood test used to determine the levels of hepatic enzymes which…
ASTtest-liver
AST- Aspartate Aminotransferase Test AST test is a blood test that is used to measure the level of a particular liver enzyme…
ANTIPHOSPHOLIPIDANTIBODY(APL)_IgG
Antiphospholipid (APL) antibody-IgG The Antiphospholipid Antibody testing is a blood test used to determine an autoimmune disorder called Antiphospholipid syndrome linked…
Strep throat pain
Anti-Streptolysin-O Test The ASO or Anti-Streptolysin-O is a blood test designed to check for the presence of streptococcus bacterial infection…
vdrl test syphilis
VDRL Test The VDRL test is a blood test that is used to diagnose sexually transmitted or venereal diseases, primarily…
Period sanitary napkin-menstruaion-blood-colors
Period blood – what it says about your health Your period blood color and consistency indicate what is happening in your body. Is your blood bright red…
Hepatitis A virus infected liver
Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Total Blood test to look for IgM antibodies to know if you are infected with Hepatitis A virus (HAV),…
liver detox facts
7 liver detox facts and why ignoring these could kill you! Are you taking care of this organ that handles over 500 different vital functions in your body? Your…
L-theanine attention
L-Theanine: Better sleep, higher focus, and many other benefits Did you know that L-theanine found in green tea can make you sleep better and be focused at…
High Fiber Diet – Fire up your fiber intake for these health benefits! Regular bowels, healthy detox, higher immunity, and guaranteed weight loss - a high fiber diet can bring all…
Agave nectar: The bitter truth about this sweetener revealed Agave nectar is considered to be sweeter than the normal table sugar and even contains higher amounts of…
gout diet purines
Gout Diet : Get relief from painful joints by eating these foods Are you a victim of this painful condition? Are medications providing only short relief? Find a list of…
DHEA wrinkles
DHEA: Now get unbelievable age defiance with this wonder hormone! DHEA is known popularly as the age-defying hormone. This supplement is widely used to slow down aging and…
Oil of Oregano: The one-stop essential oil you’ve been looking for Are you plagued by a weak immune system? High body inflammation accompanied by pain and infections? Why not…
Pescatarian Diet 101: What are the inherent health advantages of this diet? People opt to become a pescatarian in order to enrich their bodies with the essential health benefits that…
Appendix pain: Recent findings on this not-so vestigial organ The exact function of the appendix is still not clear. Some consider it as an organ that once…
hemoglobin variant analysis
Hemoglobin Variant Analysis Hemoglobin variant analysis is a blood test that is used to detect the presence of hemoglobin variants which…
cystatin C
Cystatin C Test Cystatin C is a specific single-chain protein that is found in body fluids and is a biomarker for…
stress depressed anxiety
Are you depressed or just stressed? Know when to see a doctor Why are some people more anxious than others? Is being depressed the same as feeling sad? Have you…
lose weight fast
12 easy and instant steps to successful weight loss Do you want to lose weight without losing your mind? Does weight loss always mean saying goodbye to…

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